Rheological Properties of a Sodium Bentonite and Lactose Aqueous Dispersion

Aim of this paper is show the viscosity measure of a sodium bentonite-water-lactose mixture and your rheological behaviour. This analysis showed the formation of tridimensional structure type and formation of stratified silicate/lactose, this occurred due to different concentrations of organic products into mixture and due to a difference of rotation during viscosity measument. Formation of networks is a consequence of the attraction between the silicate layers in water-lactose mixture. In the present work aqueous solutions of lactose with concentration of 7%, 5%, 3%, 1% and 0% (wt %) were used.

Fontes de lactose, níveis de lisina dietéticos e peso dos leitões ao desmame

Desenvolveu-se um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar o uso de fontes de lactose (soro de leite em pó e lactose) e níveis de lisina em rações (1,20 e 1,50%), além do peso ao desmame (<6,0 e >6,0 kg), sobre o desempenho e a morfologia intestinal de 384 leitões desmamados com diferentes pesos e idade de 21 dias. Os leitões foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2, totalizando oito tratamentos em quatro repetições cada. Três leitões de cada tratamento foram abatidos aos 42 dias de idade, quando foram coletadas amostras do duodeno para estudo da morfologia intestinal. Foram avaliadas as características de desempenho ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar. Altura das vilosidades, profundidade de criptas duodenais e a relação altura de vilosidades/profundidade de criptas, bem como a relação peso do pâncreas/peso da carcaça, foram as características morfológicas avaliadas. O uso de lactose em rações à base de milho e farelo de soja proporcionou melhor desempenho dos leitões quando combinado a um nível de 1,5% de lisina. Concluiu-se ainda que os tipos de dietas estudados não exerceram efeito sobre a morfologia do duodeno e a relação peso do pâncreas/peso corporal e que a altura das vilosidades é uma função direta do peso do leitão.

Use of anaerobic cecal microflora, lactose and acetic acid for the protection of broiler chicks against experimental infection with Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hydrolysis of whey lactose by immobilized β-Galactosidase

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Lactose load enhances the growth of the small intestine in rats

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the controversial issue regarding the small intestinal structural adaptation, in lactose fed rats. Three study groups were used. One experimental fed 60% lactose and two controls in which the lactose was substituted for similar amount of starch. One of them was fed ad libitum and another a limited amount of food to match the body weight of lactose group. The weight, length of the intestine and intestinal mucosal DNA and protein were determined at days 2, 5, 10 and 30 of the experiment. As compared to starch fed ad libitum controls, animals fed 60% lactose diet ate similar amount of food, grew at a slower rate and weighed 16,7% less at the end of the experiment. In contrast to retarded gain in body weight, small intestinal mucosa of these animals contained more DNA (22,5%) and protein (37,5%) than that of controls. These changes were paralleled by increase in length (17%) and weight of the intestine (24,2%). Therefore, the results of the present study confirmed the findings that the small intestine increases in size in response to lactose feeding and that this occurs in the abscense of hyperphagia. It was further demonstrated that this increase was due both to mucosal cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy.

Purification, Characterization, and Preliminary X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of a Lactose-Specific Lectin from Cymbosema roseum Seeds

The unique carbohydrate-binding property of lectins makes them invaluable tools in biomedical research. Here, we report the purification, partial primary structure, carbohydrate affinity characterization, crystallization, and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a lactose-specific lectin from Cymbosema roseum seeds (CRLII). Isolation and purification of CRLII was performed by a single step using a Sepharose-4B-lactose affinity chromatography column. The carbohydrate affinity characterization was carried using assays for hemagglutination activity and inhibition. CRLII showed hemagglutinating activity toward rabbit erythrocytes. O-glycoproteins from mucine mucopolysaccharides showed the most potent inhibition capacity at a minimum concentration of 1.2 A mu g mL(-1). Protein sequencing by mass spectrometry was obtained by the digestion of CRLII with trypsin, Glu-C, and AspN. CRLII partial protein sequence exhibits 46% similarity with the ConA-like alpha chain precursor. Suitable protein crystals were obtained with the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method with 8% ethylene glycol, 0.1 M Tris-HCl pH 8.5, and 11% PEG 8,000. The monoclinic crystals belong to space group P2(1) with unit cell parameters a = 49.4, b = 89.6, and c = 100.8 A....

Influência das propriedades de granulados de lactose nas características físicas dos comprimidos

The compaction behavior of powdered solids used in tablets can be dominated by the physical-chemical properties of the excipients because, frequently, they are present in much larger amounts than the drug in tablet formulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the size of lactose granules on the physical characteristics of tablets produced in punches of various diameters, since this relation has not been explored in the literature. Granules were produced in several sizes by wet granulation and compressed in punches of different diameters by applying different forces. Size distribution, apparent density and flow of granules were evaluated, as well as the physical characteristics of the tablets (weight, friability, hardness and disintegration time). The results indicate that in situations where excipient characteristics predominate due to low drug content, as in the 7 mm punch, the selection of granule size is important for the mechanical strength of tablet. On the other hand, with the 9, 11 and 13mm punches, it was possible to produce strong tablet from all sizes of granules.

Estudo da bioconversão da lactose do soro de leite em bioetanol pela evedura Kluyveromyces marxianus 229

Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos - IBILCE

Substituição do soro de leite e lactose pela combinação de ingredientes energéticos e protéicos em rações de leitões na fase de creche

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Crescimento e esporulação de Bipolaris euphorbiae cultivado sob diferentes condições nutricionais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Crescimento e esporulação de isolados de Verticillium lecanii sob diferentes condições nutricionais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fecundação in vitro de ovócitos bovinos com sêmen submetido a diferentes diluidores

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do diluidor do sêmen no desenvolvimento in vitro de ovócitos bovinos após a maturação e fecundação in vitro. Ejaculado de um reprodutor foi fracionado e submetido a três diluidores: Lactose/gema de ovo (LG), Citrato/gema de ovo (CG) e Tris/gema de ovo (TG). Amostras deste material foram envasadas, congeladas e estocadas em N² e, posteriormente, descongeladas; a fração móvel foi separada por gradiente descontínuo de Percoll. A concentração espermática foi ajustada para 10 x 10(6)/mL e a capacitação espermática, induzida com 10 µg/mL de heparina. Após 24 horas de cultura para maturação in vitro, os ovócitos, aspirados de folículos ovarianos, foram inseminados com sêmen diluído em meio TALP e, após 48 horas de cultura, os zigotos foram transferidos para gotas de meio TCM 199, com 5% de soro fetal bovino, 5% de soro de vaca em estro e suspensão de células epiteliais do oviduto bovino, cobertas com óleo de silicone, e mantidos em cultura por nove dias. Todas as culturas foram realizadas a 38,5ºC em atmosfera com 5% de CO2. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste do qui-quadrado e houve diferença com relação à taxa de clivagem (TC), sendo as médias de 66,0; 69,3; e 54,4% para LG, CG e TG, respectivamente. Não houve diferença entre tratamentos com relação às taxas de mórulas/blastocistos ou de eclosão. O diluidor do sêmen não teve efeito sobre o desenvolvimento in vitro de embriões bovinos, embora a TC tenha sido afetada.

Bacterial functional redundancy along a soil reclamation gradient

A strategy to measure bacterial functional redundancy was developed and tested with soils collected along a soil reclamation gradient by determining the richness and diversity of bacterial groups capable of in situ growth on selected carbon substrates. Soil cores were collected from four sites along a transect from the Jamari tin mine site in the Jamari National Forest, Rondonia, RO, Brazil: denuded mine spoil, soil from below the canopy of invading pioneer trees, revegetated soil under new growth on the forest edge, and the forest floor of an adjacent preserved forest. Bacterial population responses were analyzed by amending these soil samples with individual carbon substrates in the presence of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), BrdU-labeled DNA was then subjected to a 16S-23S rRNA intergenic analysis to depict the actively growing bacteria from each site, the number and diversity of bacterial groups responding to four carbon substrates (L-serine, L-threonine, sodium citrate, and or-lactose hydrate) increased along the reclamation-vegetation gradient such that the preserved forest soil samples contained the highest functional redundancy for each substrate. These data suggest that bacterial functional redundancy increases in relation to the regrowth of plant communities and may therefore represent an important aspect of the restoration of soil biological functionality to reclaimed mine spoils. They also suggest that bacterial functional redundancy may be a useful indicator of soil quality and ecosystem functioning.